new texts were rewritten

Many calligraphers have acquired

manuscripts held onto

handwritten by the author.

multiplies (see also article

reproduced by hand, in contrast

Manuscript is a collective name for texts

written on the parchment was scratched out

so expensive material

One of the most skilled calligraphers

(palimpsests). In the XIII-XV centuries in

and was erased, and on cleaned

antiquities. These are the Egyptian papyri

so expensive material